Pfungwa Dzakakosha dzeKusarudzwa kweMudziviriri weSurge uye Kuongorora Matambudziko Akabatana

Inodzivirira kukwira kwemhepo inodzivirira dunhu rinoshandisa simba rakawanda, kana richikwanisa kutsungirira voltage inochinja-chinja, pulse ine simba rakawanda, fast (10-9s) kubva painterance yekutanga kusvika painterance yakaderera, uye transient high voltage interference pulse kusvika pavoltage yakatarwa, kuitira kudzivirira zvinobudirira michina nemidziyo inobatwa nenjodzi kubva mukukuvadzwa, basa redunhu pasina kukanganiswa.

(1) Midziyo yekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura yakakamurwa kuita mazinga matatu
Danho rekutanga rinogona kuburitsa magetsi emagetsi akananga kana simba guru rinotumirwa kana tambo yemagetsi yarohwa zvakananga nemheni. Dziviriro yedanho rekutanga inofanira kunge iri chibatiso chemagetsi chinochinja magetsi chine maphase matatu, uye flux yaro yemagetsi haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pe60kA. Inowanzo shandiswa pakugovera magetsi.
Chinangwa chedanho rechipiri ndechekuwedzera kudzikamisa kukosha kwemagetsi ekusurge akasara kuburikidza nechibatiso chemagetsi chedanho rekutanga kusvika pa1500-2000v, uye kuisa equipotential connection ye lpz1-lpz2. Kana simba rekumisa magetsi richibuda kubva mumutsara wekabati rekugovera richishandiswa sedziviriro yedanho rechipiri, chibatiso chemagetsi chinoganhurira magetsi chinofanira kushandiswa, uye kugona kwaro kwemagetsi hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe20KA.

Chinangwa chedanho rechitatu ndechekuchengetedza michina uye kuderedza kukosha kwesimba remagetsi rinosara kusvika pasi pe1000V. Sedziviriro yedanho rechitatu, inofanira kunge iri series voltage limiting power lightning arrester, uye simba rayo remagetsi harifanirwe kunge riri pasi pe10kA. Inowanzo shandiswa pamidziyo yemagetsi inogovera magetsi.
Masisitimu akasiyana ekugovera anofanira kusarudza michina inodzivirira kukwira kwemvura inoenderana, iyo inogona kukamurwa kuita TN (TN-S, NC, TN-CS), iyo uye TT.

1) Dziviriro huru
Chinangwa ndechekudzivirira simba remagetsi kuti risafambise zvakananga kubva munzvimbo ye lpz0 kuenda kunzvimbo ye lpz1, uye kuderedza simba remagetsi remagetsi kubva kumakumi ezviuru kusvika kumazana ezviuru zve volts kusvika ku2500-3000v.
Kana chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chakaiswa padivi remagetsi mashoma emagetsi emumba chikashandiswa sechidziviriro chekutanga, chinofanira kunge chiri chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chekuchinja magetsi chezvikamu zvitatu, uye flux yaro yemagetsi haifanire kunge iri pasi pe60kA. Chibatiso chemagetsi ichi chinofanira kunge chiri chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chemagetsi chemhando yepamusoro chakabatana pakati pechikamu chimwe nechimwe chetambo inopinda pamusuwo wesystem yemagetsi yemushandisi nenyika. Mudzidzisi wekudzidzisa paindaneti nezvekugadzira magetsi kazhinji anoda kuti chiyero ichi chemagetsi chemagetsi chive nesimba repamusoro reinopfuura 100kA pachikamu chimwe nechimwe uye voltage inodiwa isingasviki 1500V, iyo inonzi classi level power lightning arrester. Izvi zvibatiso zvemagetsi zvemagetsi zvakagadzirwa kuti zvitsungirire simba guru remheni nemheni inokonzerwa uye zvinokwezva simba guru, izvo zvinogona kutsausa simba guru remagetsi rinouya panyika. Dzinongopa chete simba remagetsi rinogumira (kana simba remagetsi richipfuura nemuchina wemagetsi unodzivirira magetsi, simba remagetsi rinogumira pamutsetse uyu rinonzi simba remagetsi rinogumira magetsi) sedziviriro yepakati nepakati, nekuti dziviriro yemhando yepamusoro inonyanya kunwisa simba remagetsi guru, uye idzo dzoga hadzigone kudzivirira zvizere michina yemagetsi inononoka iri mukati memagetsi.

Chinodzivirira mheni chedanho rekutanga chinogona kudzivirira mafungu emheni e10 / 350us uye 100kA, kusvika padanho repamusoro rekudzivirira rakatarwa neIEC.
Chirevo chehunyanzvi ndechekuti: flux yemheni yakakura kupfuura kana yakaenzana ne100kA (10 / 350us); Kukosha kwevoltage yasara hakufanirwe kupfuura 2.5KV; Nguva yekupindura ishoma pane kana yakaenzana ne100ns.
2) Dziviriro yechipiri
Chinangwa ndechekuwedzera kudzikamisa kukosha kwemagetsi ekudzokera shure kuburikidza ne first level lightning arrester kusvika pa 1500-2000v, uye kuisa equipotential connection ye lpz1-lpz2.
Kana chinodzivirira mheni chemagetsi chinobva mumutsara wekabati rekuparadzira chikashandiswa sedziviriro yedanho rechipiri, chinodzivirira mheni chemagetsi chinodzora magetsi chinofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yekugovera magetsi ichipa simba kumidziyo yemagetsi inokosha kana inonzwisisika, uye kugona kwayo kwemagetsi hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe20KA. VaDi, vachidzidzisa pakugadzira magetsi online, izvi zvinodzivirira mheni zvemagetsi zvinogona kunyudza zviri nani simba remafungu rinosara richipfuura nepachinodzivirira mheni panzvimbo yemagetsi yemushandisi, uye zvine mhedzisiro yakanaka yekudzivirira pamagetsi anodarika nguva.

Simba guru remagetsi rinobata mheni rinoshandiswa pano rinofanira kupfuura 45kA pachikamu chimwe nechimwe, uye voltage inodiwa inofanira kunge iri pasi pe1200V, iyo inonzi ClassII power lightning arrester. Kazhinji, kana sisitimu yemagetsi yemushandisi ikawana dziviriro yepamusoro, inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushanda kwemidziyo yemagetsi.
Chidziviriro cheClass C chinoshandiswa sechinodzivirira magetsi cheClass II kuti chidzivirire zvizere zvephase-I, phase-I nephase-I, uye ma parameter makuru ehunyanzvi ndeaya: kugona kwemagetsi emagetsi kwakakura kupfuura kana kuti kwakaenzana ne40ka (8 / 20us); Kukosha kwepamusoro kwemagetsi akasara hakufanirwe kupfuura 1000V; Nguva yekupindura haifanirwe kupfuura 25ns.

3) Dziviriro yedanho rechitatu
Chinangwa ndechekuchengetedza michina nekuderedza simba remagetsi rinosara kusvika pasi pe1000V, kuitira kuti simba remagetsi rikuvadze michina.
Kana chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chakaiswa pamucheto wemagetsi eAC wemidziyo yemagetsi chikashandiswa sedziviriro yedanho rechitatu, chinofanira kunge chiri chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chinoganhurira magetsi, uye kugona kwacho kwemagetsi hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe10kA.
Chekupedzisira, chibatiso chemagetsi chemagetsi chakavakirwa mukati chinogona kushandiswa mumagetsi emukati memidziyo yemagetsi kubvisa zvachose overvoltage diki inodarika. VaDi, vachidzidzisa paindaneti nezvekugadzira magetsi, kugona kukuru kweimpact yepower lightning arrester inoshandiswa pano kunofanirwa kuva 20KA pachikamu chimwe nechimwe kana pasi, uye voltage inodiwa inofanira kunge iri pasi pe1000V. Kune mimwe michina yemagetsi inonyanya kukosha kana inonzwisisika, zvakakosha kuva nedziviriro yedanho rechitatu, uye inogonawo kuchengetedza michina yemagetsi kubva ku overvoltage inodarika inogadzirwa mukati mesystem. Kune magetsi ekugadzirisa anoshandiswa pamidziyo yekukurukurirana ye microwave, michina yekutaurirana ye mobile base station uye michina ye radar, DC power supply lightning arresters dzine voltage inoshanda yakakodzera dzinofanira kusarudzwa sedziviriro isina level zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvekudzivirira voltage yavo yekushanda.

4) Zvichienderana nedanho remagetsi rinomira remidziyo yakachengetedzwa
Kana dziviriro yemheni ine mazinga maviri ichigona kudzikamisa voltage iri pasi pehuwandu hwemagetsi anomira emuchina, dziviriro yemazinga maviri chete ndiyo inodiwa. Kana huwandu hwemagetsi anomira emuchina hwakaderera, mazinga mana kana kupfuura ekudzivirira anogona kudiwa. Kugona kwemagetsi emuchina wekudzivirira wechikamu chechina hakufanirwe kunge kuri pasi pe5ka.
(2) Sei fuse necircuit breaker zvichifanira kuiswa pamberi pe surge protector?
Kana simba remagetsi rinopinda mumhepo richipfuura nepamuchina wekudzivirira mhepo rakawanda kupfuura IMAX, muchina wekudzivirira mhepo unopwanyika wobva wakundikana, zvichikonzera kutadza kwemhepo mumhepo. Kuti ubvise dambudziko remhepo mumhepo, zvinodikanwa kuisa muchina wekudzivirira mhepo kana fuse. VaDi, kudzidzisa kwekugadzira magetsi online, mheni yega yega inokonzera kukwegura kwemuchina wekudzivirira mhepo. Semuenzaniso, kana magetsi aripo kwenguva yakareba, muchina wekudzivirira mhepo unozopisa zvakanyanya uye wokurumidzisa kukwegura. Panguva ino, sisitimu yekudzivirira kupisa yemuchina wekudzivirira mhepo kana fuse inofanira kuita basa rekubvisa muchina wekudzivirira mhepo mumhepo usati wasvika pakupisa kwakanyanya kunobvumidzwa.

Zvinodiwa zvekuchengetedza surge yefuse necircuit breaker: kana 20 standard 8 / 20 microsecond uye 1.2/50 microsecond test pulses dzakashandiswa pasi pe rated current, circuit breaker kana fuse haizogumburwi. Kana surge protector yaputsika uye yapfupiswa, circuit breaker kana fuse inofanira kushanda. Kana surge protector iri switching module, nekuti damage mode yayo yakavhurika, inogona kudzivirirwa pasina miniature circuit breaker nefuse.
Zvese fuse necircuit breaker zvinogona kushandiswa sedziviriro yepamusoro yekudzivirira kwe surge. Hunhu hwefuse; Fuse ine mabasa maviri ekudzivirira ekunonoka kwenguva refu uye instantaneous current ine inverse time limit hunhu. VaDi, kudzidzisa online kwekugadzira magetsi, vanoshandiswa se overload uye short-circuit dziviriro zvakateerana, kureva kuti, fuse link inofanira kutsiviwa mushure mekubatanidza fault. Hunhu hwecircuit breaker: circuit breaker ine instantaneous current dziviriro uye overload thermal dziviriro. Mushure mekubviswa fault, inogona kudzoserwa patsva nemaoko pasina kutsiva zvikamu.
Tarisa musiyano uripo pakati pemitsara inopinda: Chidziviriro che440V chekuvhundutsa chinofanira kusarudzwa kune system yewaya ye280v shanu ine zvikamu zvitatu kana system yewaya ye380V shanu ine zvikamu zvitatu. Chidziviriro che220V chekuvhundutsa chinofanira kusarudzwa kune system yewaya ye220V 2 kana system yewaya ye220V 3 ine zvikamu zvitatu. Pamusoro pezvo, cherechedza: mwero wekudzivirira wemudziviriri wekuvhundutsa wakasarudzwa inhanho yechipiri kune three-phase 280v pamutsetse unopinda wechivako chekugara; Giredhi rechitatu kune single-phase 220V.
Mushure mekunge mutsetse weTN-CS system wapinda mubhokisi rekugovera zvinhu rechivako, mutsetse wepeni unokamurwa kuita mutsetse weN nemutsetse wePE. Zvinongodiwa chete kuisa chidziviriro che surge pakati pemutsetse we phase I nemutsetse wepeni.
Swichi iri pamberi pechidziviriro che surge inogona kusarudza fuse ne circuit breaker. Kazhinji, 40 ~ 63A inofanira kusarudzwa yeIMAX > 40ka uye 20 ~ 32A inofanira kusarudzwa yeIMAX < 40ka.

(3) Ko chinodzivirira kukwira kwemhepo nechinodzivirira mheni zvakafanana here?
Kunyangwe zvese zvinodzivirira kukwira kwemhepo nezvinomisa mheni zvine basa rekudzivirira kukwira kwemagetsi, kunyanya kukwira kwemagetsi, zvichiri nemisiyano yakawanda pakushandiswa.
1) Zvibatiso zvine mazinga akasiyana-siyana emagetsi, kubva pa0.38kv voltage yakaderera kusvika 500kV UHV, nepo zvishandiso zvinodzivirira mafungu zvichiwanzova nezvigadzirwa zvemagetsi mashoma chete;

2) Zvidziviriro zvemheni zvinonyanya kuiswa pasystem yekutanga kudzivirira kupinda zvakananga kwemafungu emheni, nepo zvidziviriro zve surge zvakanyanya kuiswa pasystem yechipiri, inova imwe nzira yekuwedzera mushure mekunge chidziviriro chemheni chabvisa kupinda zvakananga kwemafungu emheni kana kana chidziviriro chemheni chikasabvisa mafungu emheni;

3) Chidziviriro chemheni chinoshandiswa kuchengetedza michina yemagetsi, uye chidziviriro che surge chinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kuchengetedza michina yemagetsi kana mita;
4) Sezvo chibatiso chakabatana nehurongwa hwemagetsi hwekutanga, chinofanira kunge chiine simba rakakwana rekudzivirira kupisa kwekunze uye saizi yakakura. Nekuti chidziviriro che surge chakabatana ne voltage yakaderera, saizi yacho inogona kuva diki kwazvo.