Iyo yekukanganisa kuongorora uye zvipikiso zve switchgear

Chii chinonzi switchgear?

Switchgear inosanganisira imwe kana anopfuura low-voltage switchgear uye inoenderana kutonga, kuyera, chiratidzo, kuchengetedza, mutemo uye zvimwe zvishandiso, nemugadziri anoona zvese zvemukati zvemagetsi uye zvemagetsi kubatana, musangano wakazara wezvinhu zvakaumbwa pamwechete. Kabineti ndeyekuvhura nekuvhara, kudzora uye kuchengetedza michina yemagetsi mukuita kwesimba rekugadzira, kutapurirana, kugovera uye magetsi magetsi kutendeuka.Zvinhu zviri muchina kabhodhi zvinonyanya kusanganisira redunhu mudariki, kudambura switch, mutoro switch, mashandiro mashandiro, mutual inductor uye akasiyana ekuchengetedza michina.

Iyo yekukanganisa kuongorora uye zvipikiso zve switchgear
12 ~ 40.5kV switchgear michina ndiyo nhamba hombe kwazvo yezvimisikidzwa mumagetsi grid system. Mumakore achangopfuura, tsaona dzekuchinja dzakaitika kazhinji, zvichikonzera kurasikirwa kwehupfumi, kukuvara uye kumwe kushata kwemagariro.
Njodzi yakavanzwa yetsaona uye zvakasikwa zvakashata zvinonyanya kutarisa wiring modhi, yemukati arc kuburitsa kugona, kwemukati kuputira, kupisa uye anti-mis-kukiya, nezvimwe. Kuburikidza nekuumbwa kwematanho akanangwa, huwandu hwe switchgear uye mhete network network tsaona zvakanyanya yakaderedzwa, uye kuvimbika kwesimba network oparesheni kuri kugadzikana.

1. Dambudziko rakavanzwa mune wiring modhi
1.1. Yakavanzika Njodzi mhando
1.1.1 Anosunga mukabhodhi yeTV akabatana zvakananga nebhazi
Zvinoenderana neyakajairika dhizaini dhizaini, TV yevasungwa inosungirwa inofanirwa kubvumidzwa negap handcart yekubatanidza bhazi, TV rack chinzvimbo kurongeka, chinongedzo modhi uye dzakasiyana siyana, imwe TV yeareka inosunga kuburikidza nekuzviparadzanisa ruoko rwakabatana nebhazi, kana iyo TV kugadzirisa, kure kwekuzviparadzanisa ruoko Kusungwa kwemheni kuchiri kubhadhariswa, kuunza munzvimbo yekuchengetera vashandi vanowana njodzi yemagetsi Kusungwa muTV kabhodhi zvakanyanya kune mafomu ewiring anotevera, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 2:

Iyo switchgear yekubatanidza modhi yakavanzwa

1.
2, wiring modhi yechipiri: TV kabati mheni inosungwa yakaiswa mukamuri rebhazi, rakanangana zvakananga nebhazi, TV uye fiyuzi yakaiswa pamota;
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5, wiring modhi shanu: mheni inosunga, TV uye fiyuzi zvakaiswa mune yekumashure imba yekuchengetera, iyo mheni inosunga yakabatana yakanangana nebhazi, TV yakabatana nebhazi kuburikidza neyekuzviparadzanisa ruoko mota;
6, wiring modhi yechitanhatu: mheni inosunga, fiyuzi uye TV zvakaiswa mune imwechete ruoko mota, mheni inosunga yakabatana kune fiyuzi mushure mechikuva.
Urongwa uhu ndehwe waya isiri iyo, kana fiyuzi yatyoka ichishanda, michina inorasikirwa nekudzivirira kweanosunga.

1.1.2 Iyo yezasi kabhodhi yeswitch kabhineti haina kusarudzika zvachose kubva kumashure kabhodhi
Makabati epasi uye makabati ekumashure emamwe maKYN akateedzana macabineti, senge chikuru transformer mu-mutsara switch makabati, echikadzi coupling switch makabati, uye feeder switch makabati, haana kusarudzika zvachose. Kana vashandi vakapinda mumakabati ezasi, vanogona kubata netsaona bhazi kana chikamu chehupenyu chemusoro wetsiva, zvichizoguma nekuvhunduka kwemagetsi.
Njodzi yakavanzwa haina kusarudzika pakati pekamuri rezasi uye neremberi kabati rekiyi switch, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 3:

Mufananidzo 3 Hapana njodzi yakavanzwa yakasarudzika pakati pekamuri rezasi uye neremberi kabati rekiyi switch

1.2, countermeasure
Iyo switch kabhodhi ine yakavanzwa wiring modhi inofanirwa kuchinjwazve kamwe.
Iyo schematic dhizaini yekuchinja kabati wiring modhi shanduko inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 5:

NGUVA. 5 Schematic dhizaini yekushandurwa kwe switchgear wiring modhi

1.2.1 Unyanzvi hwekugadzirisa hurongwa hwewiring mode yemheni inosunga muTV kabati
1. uye iyo inobata mheni yakafanana neiyo fiyuzi uye redunhu reTV.
2. Kune wiring modhi yechipiri, bvisa iyo inosunga mheni mukamuri yebhazi, fambisa iyo inosunga mheni kumotokari mbozha uye irambe iri fiyuzi uye inosunga mheni, wedzera iyo yekuisa ndiro yeiyo yepasi bhokisi rekubata, kukanganisa kwebhokisi rekubata uye vharuvhu mashandiro, isai TV iri kumashure mubhini, uye uibatanidze kune yepazasi kubatana kwega wega ruoko mota kuburikidza nekutungamira.
Ichi chirongwa chinogona kuitwa pane yekutanga ruoko mota, asi zvakare inogona kufunga kutsiva iyo nyowani ruoko mota.
3. Kune iyo wiring mode matatu, bvisa iyo inosunga mheni yeiyo yepakutanga compartment, fambisa iyo inosunga mheni kumotokari mbozha uye irambe ichipinda mufuse uye mheni inosunga, vhara gomba remadziro rekamuri yekutanga bhazi, wedzera iyo yekuisa ndiro bhokisi rezasi rekubata remota yeruoko, kukanganisa kwebhokisi rekubata uye vharuvhu mashini, isa iyo terevhizheni muchikamu chekumashure uye chiibatanidze kune yepazasi yekubata kuburikidza netambo inotungamira.
Ichi chirongwa chinogona kuitwa pane yekutanga ruoko mota, asi zvakare inogona kufunga kutsiva iyo nyowani ruoko mota.

4. Kuti wiring modhi ina, bvisa anosunga mune mamwe makamuri, fambisa anosunga kuenda kufiyuzi uye TV compartmentalparts, uibatanidze kune yekudambura switch switch, uye ibatanidze yakafanana neiyo fuse neTV wedunhu.
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6. Yeiyo yekubatanidza modhi 6, iyo dhizaini mamiriro ndeyayo isiriyo kubatana. Kamwe iyo fusei ikasanganiswa mukushanda, iyo michina inorasikirwa nekudzivirira kweanosunga.
Bvisa inosunga mheni uye fiyuzi mune yekutanga ruoko mota, chinja wiring nzvimbo, gadzira iyo mheni inosunga yakabatana kune mukuru weiyo fiyuzi, uye yakafanana neiyo fuse uye TV redunhu.

1.2.2 Kuchengetedza kusakwana kusasarudzika pakati pekamuri rezasi uye neremberi kabhodhi yekodhi switch
Nekuti iyi mhando yekushandura kabhodhi chigadzirwa dhizaini yakatarwa, kana iyo partition ndiro yakaiswa mukushandurwa, yemukati chimiro chimiro uye nzvimbo kugoverwa kuchashandurwa, uye kwemukati chengetedzo kuita kwechigadzirwa hakugone kuvimbiswa. Naizvozvo, zvinodikanwa kuti usimbise iyo huru transformer 10kV padivi kugadzirisa uye iyo huru transformer switch yekugadzirisa basa risati raitwa.

2. Isina kukwana yemukati arc kuburitsa chinzvimbo
2.1 Mhando dzenjodzi dzakavanzika
Mukushanda chaiko, simbi yakavharwa switch switch kabhodhi pachayo ine zviremara, pamwe chete nemamiriro akashata ekushanda anokonzerwa nekuvhara kwekuita kudzikira kana kusashanda uye zvimwe zvikonzero, zvinokonzeresa yemukati arc mhosva.
Iyo arc inogadzirwa nepfupi redunhu ine yakanyanya tembiricha uye yakakura simba. Iyo arc pachayo iri yakajeka kwazvo plasma gasi. Pasi pekuita kwesimba remagetsi uye gasi rinopisa, iyo arc inofamba nekumhanyisa mubati uye inokonzeresa kukurumidza kuwanda kwenzvimbo yekukanganisa.
Gasification mune ino kesi, kuputira zvinhu, simbi inonyungudika, chinja kabati yemukati tembiricha uye kumanikidza kuwedzera, kana isina kugadzirirwa kana kuiswa inokwanisika kumanikidza kuburitsa chiteshi, kumanikidza kukuru kunokonzeresa kuti kabineti izviise yega mune yeumwe ndiro, musuwo wedanda, hinges, hwindo rakakomba deformation uye kutsemuka, arc inogadzirwa neakanyanya tembiricha mhepo kabhodhi inozviisa mune imwe chinzvimbo, kukonzera padyo nemidziyo mashandiro ekugadzirisa vashandi vanotsva zvakakomba,
Kunyangwe kutyisidzira hupenyu.
Parizvino, pane mamwe matambudziko senge pasina gadziriro yekumanikidza yakatarwa, isina musoro kumanikidza nzira yekumisikidza yakaiswa, iyo yemukati arc kuburitsa kugona haina kuongororwa uye kuongororwa, uye kuongororwa hakuna kuomarara panguva yekuyedzwa.

2.2, countermeasure
[Sarudzo] Chinja kabati yemukati yekukanganisa arc mashandiro inofanirwa kunge iri IAC nhanho, yemukati arc inobvumidzwa nguva haifanire kunge iri pasi pe0.5s, iyo bvunzo yazvino yakatarwa ipfupi-yenguva inomira yazvino.
Kune zvigadzirwa zvine ratidziro pfupi wedunhu kutyora ikozvino pamusoro pe31.5kA, yemukati mhosva arc bvunzo inogona kuitwa maererano ne31.5kA.
[Nongedzo] Wedzera kana shandura nzira yekumanikidza yekumanikidza, uye kuitisa yemukati arc bvunzo uye ongororo mukuomerera zvinoenderana nerudzi rweyedzo bvunzo zvido.
[Dziviriro] Yakakodzera kudzvanywa kweiyo huru transformer dziviriro nhanho musiyano, kuderedza kuenderera kwekutadza nguva yekukanganisa arc.

3, zvemukati kuputira dambudziko
3.1 Yakavanzika mhando yenjodzi
Mumakore achangopfuura, huwandu hwe switch switch kabhodhi zvigadzirwa zvadzikiswa, iko kuputira mashandiro eakaremara e cabinet, zvikanganiso zvakawedzera.
Kuita kwakanyanya mu: kukwira chinhambwe uye kubvumidzwa nemhepo hakuna kukwana, kunyanya kabati reruoko, ikozvino vagadziri vazhinji kuitira kupfupisa saizi yekabineti, inoderedza zvakanyanya iyo breaker yedenderedzwa yakaiswa mukabati, yekuzviparadzanisa plug uye chinhambwe pakati pevhu, asi haina kutora matanho anoshanda ekuona simba rekudzivirira;
Maitiro asina kunaka egungano, nekuda kwekusina kunaka kwemusangano, chinhu chimwe chete mune switch kabhodhi inogona kupasa bvunzo yekumanikidza, asi switch rese kabhodhi haigoni kupfuura mushure megungano;
Kubata chinzvimbo hakuna kukwana kana kusangana kwakashata, kana iko kugona kwekubatana kuri kukwana kana kusangana kwakaipa, yemuno tembiricha kuwedzera, kuputira kuita kuderera, kukonzera kune pasi kana chikamu flasticity;
Condensation phenomenon, iyo yakavakirwa-mukati heater iri nyore kukuvadza, haigone kushanda zvakajairika, mune switch switch kabhoni condensation phenomenon, inoderedza kupisa kuita;
Yakashata kuputira mashandiro ekutsigira zvishongedzo.
Kuitira kudzikisira mutengo, vamwe vagadziri vanotora yakaderera kuputira nhanho yekutsigira zvishongedzo, kudzikisira iko kwese kuputira mashandiro e switch switch kabhodhi.

3.2, zvokurwisa
Hatifanire kutevedzera nekusaona miniaturization ye switchgear. Tinofanira kutenga switchgear yakakodzera zvinoenderana nemamiriro ezvinhu eprojekti, maratidziro echinzvimbo, mashandiro uye kugadzirisa, kugadzirisa midziyo nezvimwe zvinhu.
Zvemidziyo inoshandisa mweya kana mweya / inodziya zvinhu senge inodzivirira yepakati, iyo hukobvu, dhizaini simba remunda uye kuchembera kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira zvinofanirwa kutariswa, uye mugadziri anofanira kuitisa bvunzo ye condensation zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvinodiwa;
Kune izvo zvikamu zvakaita seye ruoko rwemadziro mune switch kabhodhi uye mhete network kabati, mechina vharuvhu, uye kukombama kwebhasi bhawa, kana mambure mweya kuputira chinhambwe iri pasi pe125mm (12kV) uye 300mm (40.5kV), iyo conductor inofanirwa kuve yakagadzirirwa kuputira sheath.
Matanho akadai sekumonyoroka uye kukwenenzverwa kunofanirwa kutorwa kudzivirira kukanganisa kwemagetsi mumagetsi munzvimbo dzakasunganidzwa simba, senzvimbo inopinza uye yekuburitsa bushing, vharuvhu yemakaniki uye kona yebhazi.
Iyo barbar iri mudare remakurukota inotsigira mimwe michina iyo kuputira kukambaira chinhambwe hakukwanise kusangana nemamiriro ezvinhu antifouling, akadai sehombodo dzevhu. Mwaya RTV kuputira bemhapemha kugadzirisa mamiriro ehunyanzvi echinyakare mashandiro emidziyo.

4. Fever kuremara
4.1 Mhando dzenjodzi dzakavanzika
Loop yekubatanidza poindi yekubata yakaipa, kusangana kwekumanikidza kunowedzera, dambudziko rekudziya rakakurumbira, senge hurombo hwekubatana kupatsanurwa kusangana;
Metal yakashongedzwa kabhodhi yekushambadzira dhizaini haina musoro, mweya hausi convection, kupisa kupisa kudzikisira kugona kwakashata, kupisa matambudziko mudare remakurukota akawanda;
Wall casing, yazvino transformer uye mamwe ekumisikidza mafomu anoumba magetsi akavhara chiuno, zvichikonzera eddy yazvino, zvichikonzera kumwe kuputira kunetsa zvinhu kupisa chinhu chiri chakakomba;
Yakasarudzika yakavharika switch kabhodhi yakaoma michina (yakakanda mhando yazvino transformer, yakaoma mhando voltage shanduri, yakaoma mhando transformer) yakasarudzwa ichitenderera waya dhayamita haina kukwana, kukanda maitiro kutonga hakusi kuomarara, kuri nyore kupisa kupisa.
4.2, zvinopesana
Simbisa kupisa kupisa kweiyo switch kabhodhi, uye gadza blower uye yakakonzera dhiza fan;
Mukubatana pamwe nekundikana kwesimba, iko kumanikidza kwekumanikidza kune vane simba uye static kutaurirana kunofanirwa kuongororwa uye kutsiviwa kana zvichidikanwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, kuneta kwekusangana kwematsutso kunofanirwa kuchinjwa.
Wedzera kutsvagisa nezve tembiricha yekuyera tekinoroji mukati mekabhodhi, uye shandisa matekinoroji matsva senge isina waya tembiricha kuyera kugadzirisa dambudziko rakaomarara reyero yetembiricha.

5, kudzivirira kukanganisa kukiya hakuna kukwana
5.1 Njodzi dzinogona kuitika
Mazhinji emakabati makabati akagadzirwa ne-anti-kukanganisa kukiya mudziyo, asi yakazara uye inosungirwa anti-kukanganisa kukiya haigadzirise zvinodiwa.
Chikamu cheshanduro switch kabhodhi pamusuwo wekumashure inogona kuvhurwa, hapana kukanganisa-chiratidzo kukiya, hapana zvakapatsanurwa kwekuzviparadzanisa, yakavhurwa mushure mekuti mitezo mhenyu ingangobatika zvakananga, uye masikuru acho akajairwa sikisi sikweya, zviri nyore kuvhura musuwo mukati mhenyu kabhoni yemagetsi kushamisika tsaona;
Chikamu cheiyo main transformer, mukadzi, TV, iyo transformer uye imwe switch pasina grounding switch, mushure meinotevera musuwo wedare remakurukota uye grounding switch haina kuumba mechiniki kiya, inogona kubvisa sikuruu yakazaruka yakananga kuvhurika mushure memusuwo, isina kuvharwa mune musuwo unogona zvakare kuvhara simba, zviri nyore kukonzera vashandi vekuchengetedza zvisirizvo kuvhura, pinda mukati memagetsi nguva, vashandi vanoshamisika tsaona;
Iwo ekumusoro uye epazasi emusuwo weshure wemamwe switch makabati haakwanise kukiyiwa zvakazvimiririra, uye gonhi repamusoro rakakiiwa nemusuwo wepazasi.
Kana switch yekubuditsa pasi yakavharwa, iyo yakavharika yemusuwo wepasi wekabati inobviswa, uye musuwo wedare remakurukota unogona kuvhurwa, zviri nyore kukonzera tsaona yemagetsi.
Zvakadai seKYN28 switchgear;
Mushure mekunge dzimwe switchgear handcars zvadhonzerwa kunze, iyo insulation yekuzviparadzanisa block inogona kusundidzirwa nyore kumusoro. Pasina kudzivirira kukiya netsaona, mutumbi unobhadhariswa unoburitswa pachena, uye vashandi vanowanzo vhura iyo inomira yekubata vharuvhu yekukanganisa kwechinja nekukanganisa, zvichikonzera tsaona yemagetsi.

5.2, zvokurwisa
Nekuti switch kabhodhi anti-kukanganisa basa haina kukwana, nekuti kumashure kwemusuwo wedare remabhangi kunogona kuvhurwa, uye kuvhurika kunogona kubata chaiko zvikamu zvepamoyo zveyakakura magetsi switch kabhodhi yakaiswa mechina padiki, gadzira komputa inopesana nekanganiso chirongwa kukiya kukiya;
Isa inowirirana pakati pevhu chinja uye kumashure musuwo kabhodhi pane switch kabhodhi senge GG1A uye XGN, uye gadza mhenyu kuratidza kifaa kukiya pasi switch mashandiro.
Tarisa kuvimbika kweye-anti-kukanganisa chishandiso nguva dzose, uye tarisa michina yekucheka michina pakati pesimbi uye switch yekumisikidza, switch yekudambura uye switch yekumisikidza nemukana wekutadza kwemagetsi.

6, kupedzisa
Chinja kabhodhi michina yakakosha yekumisikidza michina mune yemagetsi gridhi. Kuti ive nechokwadi chekushanda kwayo kwakadzikama, kutonga kunofanira kusimbiswa mune zvese zvinhu senge dhizaini, zvinhu, maitiro, bvunzo, mhando kusarudzwa, mashandiro uye kugadzirisa.
Zvichienderana neyakajairika dhizaini dhizaini, inosanganisirwa nematanho emunyika nemaindasitiri, isa kumberi dhizaini zvigadzirwa zvinodiwa, zvakanyanyisa kubvisa wiring njodzi dzakavanzika;
Zvinoenderana nematanho emunyika nemaindasitiri, pamwe nematanho ekurwisa tsaona, gadzira zvirevo zvakanyanya zvemidziyo yekubhidha michina, kudzivirira zvigadzirwa zvisina kukodzera mukushanda kwenetiweki;
Simbisa pane-saiti yekugadzira inotarisisa, nyatso kupupurira akakosha mapoinzi ekugadzira uye fekitori bvunzo, uye zvakanyatsorambidza izvo zvisina kukwana zvigadzirwa kubva kusiya fekitori;
Vanoshingaira kuita chinja cabinet kuremara manejimendi, simbisa kuitwa kweanopokana netsaona matanho;
Natsa switch switch kabhodhi inopesana nekanganiso basa, simbisa manejimendi yeanopokana-kukanganisa kukiya mudziyo, isa chishandiso chehupenyu, uye batira pamwe neiyo "shanu yekudzivirira" system, kuve nechokwadi chakazara uye chinosungirwa kupokana nekanganiso.